BRMO Module 1b Risk-of-bias-tabel

Author, year

Selection of participants

Was selection of exposed and non-exposed cohorts drawn from the same population?

Exposure

Can we be confident in the assessment of exposure?

Outcome of interest

Can we be confident that the outcome of interest was not present at start of study?

Confounding-assessment

Can we be confident in the assessment of confounding factors? 

Confounding-analysis

Did the study match exposed and unexposed for all variables that are associated with the outcome of interest or did the statistical analysis adjust for these confounding variables?

Assessment of outcome

Can we be confident in the assessment of outcome?

Follow up

Was the follow up of cohorts adequate? In particular, was outcome data complete or imputed?

Co-interventions

Were co-interventions similar between groups?

Overall Risk of bias

Definitely yes, probably yes, probably no, definitely no

Definitely yes, probably yes, probably no, definitely no

Definitely yes,
probably yes,
probably no,
definitely no

Definitely yes,
probably yes,
probably no,
definitely no

Definitely yes,
probably yes,
probably no,
definitely no

Definitely yes,
probably yes,
probably no,
definitely no

Definitely yes,
probably yes,
probably no,
definitely no

Definitely yes, probably yes, probably no, definitely no

Low, Some concerns, High

Arena (2013)

Definitely yes

Reason: data and samples were collected among all cases from February 2008 to April 2010

Definitely yes

Reason: testing was performed similar in all experiments

Definitely yes

Reason: the outcome measure resulted from transmission of index patients

Definitely yes

Reason: testing was performed similar in all experiments

Not applicable

Definitely yes

Reason: quantitative and genotyped outcome measures were used.

Not applicable

Not applicable

Low

Diestra (2001)

Definitely yes

Reason: data and samples were collected between June 2007 and January 2008, from patients consecutively admitted to Granollers Hospital.

Definitely yes

Reason: testing was performed similar in all experiments

Definitely yes

Reason: the outcome measure resulted from transmission of index patients

Definitely yes

Reason: testing was performed similar in all experiments

Not applicable

Definitely yes

Reason: quantitative and genotyped outcome measures were used.

Not applicable

Not applicable

Low

Ohana (2006)

Definitely yes

Reason: all cases admitted into the PMRU between 1 Januaryand 31 december 2002 were included

Definitely yes

Reason: testing was performed similar in all experiments

Definitely yes

Reason: the outcome measure resulted from transmission of index patients

Definitely yes

Reason: testing was performed similar in all experiments

Not applicable

Definitely yes

Reason: quantitative and genotyped outcome measures were used.

Not applicable

Not applicable

Low